Sourced narrative
Each block is a verifiable statement. The number opens the cited page; amber or coral blocks flag tradition or contested interpretation.
7 statements
01Evidence and context
In the 1990 to 1991 Gulf War, Iraq fired Scud missiles at Tel Aviv. American pressure blocked an Israeli retaliation.
On January 25, 1991, the newspaper Davar ran a headline saying that it had happened to Israelis as well.
For Dina Porat, many in Israel read the Gulf War as a Holocaust analogy: Saddam as Hitler, and Israel barred from striking back.
On April 7, 1992, Yom ha-Shoah, Ehud Barak took 18 Israel Defense Forces representatives to Auschwitz and said Israelis had no right to judge Europe's Jews.
On September 13, 1993, the Oslo Accord was signed at the White House. Clinton stood by as Arafat and Rabin shook hands.
Rabin told the Palestinians, in a loud and clear voice, that there had been enough of blood and tears.
Yigal Amir, a far-right extremist, shot and killed Yitzhak Rabin in Tel Aviv on November 4, 1995.
Context
In the 1990 to 1991 Gulf War, Iraq fired Scud missiles at Tel Aviv. American pressure blocked an Israeli retaliation.
On January 25, 1991, the newspaper Davar ran a headline saying that it had happened to Israelis as well.
For Dina Porat, many in Israel read the Gulf War as a Holocaust analogy: Saddam as Hitler, and Israel barred from striking back.
§ 01Geography
Where it happened
§ 02Museum
Objects and images
§ 03Historiography
What scholars debate
Scholarly debate · 01
Did the Gulf War bring Israelis closer to the Shoah experience?
2 positions · no single answer · take a seat →
- A
Historical analogy
Many Israelis, as reported by Dina Porat
Saddam was read as Hitler, and forced passivity recalled European helplessness.
- B
Child's play
Some survivors
For people who had lived through the world war, a few weeks of missiles seemed slight beside what they had already seen.
Scholarly debate · 02
Did the peace process produce peace or delay?
2 positions · no single answer · take a seat →
- A
Land for peace
The American and Oslo diplomatic formula
Gaza and the West Bank would become a Palestinian state, given in return for lasting recognition of Israel.
- B
Process as a tactic
The chapter's balance
More emphasis fell on process than on peace, and the parties bought time to avoid concessions.
§ 04Network
Connections
§ 05Bibliography
Further reading
Anita Shapira, Israel: A History (Waltham, MA: Brandeis University Press, 2012).
A synthesis of Israeli history · recommended in Efron, Lehmann and Weitzman, p. 517
§ 06Apparatus
Sources on this page
- 01Efron, Lehmann and Weitzman, p. 472inspect
- 02Efron, Lehmann and Weitzman, p. 472inspect
- 03Efron, Lehmann and Weitzman, p. 470inspect
- 04Efron, Lehmann and Weitzman, p. 471inspect
- 05Efron, Lehmann and Weitzman, p. 471inspect
- 06Efron, Lehmann and Weitzman, p. 471inspect
- 07Efron, Lehmann and Weitzman, p. 472inspect
- Documented evidenceAttested by contemporary evidence: texts, inscriptions, coins, papyri or archaeology.
- Scholarly reconstructionHistorians' inference from indirect evidence.
- Tradition or narrativeA literary, traditional or religious account; significant in itself, but not independently verified.
- Contested interpretationScholars explicitly disagree; see the positions in the debate.
- Illustrative reconstructionA hypothesis or visual scheme to guide reading; not a historical claim.